Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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The crust and the very top, crunchy part of
the mantle make up Earth's ____.
a. | lithosphere | c. | core | b. | asthenosphere | d. | continents |
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2.
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Plates of the lithosphere float on the very top,
gooey part of the mantle called the ____.
a. | crust | c. | core | b. | asthenosphere | d. | atmosphere |
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3.
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The presence of the same ____ on several continents
supports the hypothesis of continental drift.
a. | fossils | c. | neither a nor b | b. | type of ancient
buildings | d. | both a and b |
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4.
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The hypothesis that continents have slowly moved to
their current locations is called ____.
a. | continental drift | c. | magnetic reversal | b. | continental
slope | d. | convection |
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5.
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Because Wegener could not explain how continents
moved many scientists would not believe that a single supercontinent called ____ once
existed.
a. | Glomar | c. | Pangaea | b. | Glossopteris | d. | Wegener |
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6.
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Continental drift states that continents have moved
____ to their current location.
a. | vertically | c. | quickly | b. | slowly | d. | very little |
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7.
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Wegener believed that the continents originally
broke apart about ____ years ago.
a. | 200 million | c. | 400
million | b. | 300 million | d. | 500
million |
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8.
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Which is the thickest layer of the
Earth?
a. | crust | c. | mantle | b. | inner
core | d. | outer core |
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9.
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Fossils of the fern Glossopteris have been found in
Africa, Australia, South America, and Antarctica. How do scientists explain this
observation?
a. | The wind blew the seeds across the oceans from continent
to continent. | b. | The fern developed
independently on each continent. | c. | The continents
were at one time joined together and then moved apart. | d. | The fern had adaptations to survive the different environments of the
continents. |
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10.
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Which theory explains the change in the position of
the continents during the history of Earth?
a. | natural selection | c. | big
bang | b. | plate tectonics | d. | rock
cycle |
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11.
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Which of these statements about Earth's crust
is true?
a. | It is a layer of solid rock that remains the same
throughout time. | b. | It includes the
continents, but not the ocean floor. | c. | It is a changing,
moving surface with the same thickness everywhere. | d. | It is a system of large masses called plates that slowly move together or
apart. |
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12.
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Compared to rocks in Earth's crust, rocks in
the mantle are more
a. | dense. | c. | granular. | b. | mineral-rich. | d. | porous. |
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13.
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| | Use the pie section below to
answer this question. | | |
The pie
section shows Earth's composition from the center to the surface. Section IV is most likely
composed ofa. | molten iron. | c. | solid
iron. | b. | granitic rock. | d. | basalt. |
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14.
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A deep well or mine shaft goes through which layer
or layers of Earth?
a. | crust only | c. | crust
and mantle | b. | mantle
only | d. | mantle and core |
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15.
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Earth's core is mainly composed
of
a. | iron and aluminum. | c. | iron
and nickel. | b. | silicon and
hydrogen. | d. | silicon and oxygen. |
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16.
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Scientists believe the Earth's inner core to
be solid. This is probably due to extremes in:
a. | depth. | c. | pressure. | b. | heat. | d. | temperature. |
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17.
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If we compare the temperature and pressure of the
Earth's mantle to the core, what differences can we expect as we move downward into the
Earth?
a. | Both the temperature and pressure
increase. | b. | Both the temperature and pressure
decrease. | c. | The temperature decreases and the pressure
increases. | d. | The temperature
increases and the pressure decreases. |
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18.
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Layer C in the diagram has the greatest temperature
and pressure. It is MOST LIKELY Earth's
a. | atmosphere. | c. | mantle. | b. | crust. | d. | core. |
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19.
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Layer A in the diagram has the lowest temperature
and pressure. What part of the Earth is labeled layer A?
a. | the atmosphere | c. | the
mantle | b. | the crust | d. | the
core |
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20.
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The ancient continent that contained all the
landmasses is called
a. | Pangaea. | c. | Laurasia. | b. | Gondwana. |
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21.
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A fossil plant that helps support the theory of
continental drift is ____.
a. | Mimosa | c. | Glomar | b. | Glossopteris |
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22.
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According to Wegener’s hypothesis of
continental drift,
a. | the continents were once joined together in one giant
landmass. | b. | the continents do not move. | c. | Earth is slowly cooling and shrinking. |
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23.
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What is Pangaea?
a. | the name of a German
scientist | b. | the name of the supercontinent that existed millions of
years ago | c. | another name for continental
drift |
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24.
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Which type of evidence was NOT used by Alfred
Wegener to support his continental drift hypothesis?
a. | evidence from landforms | b. | evidence from fossils | c. | evidence from
human remains |
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